The current formal criteria for diagnosing Alzheimer’s require steadily progressing dementia and an inability to carry out day-to-day activities, like dressing or bathing — along with a pathologist’s report of plaque and another abnormality, known as tangles, in the brain after death.
But researchers are now convinced that the disease is present a decade or more before dementia.
The new guidelines include criteria for three stages of the disease: preclinical disease, mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease and, lastly, Alzheimer’s dementia. Under the new guidelines diagnoses will aim to identify the disease as it is developing by using results from brain scans and spinal taps that reveal telltale brain changes. One of the newest, a PET scan, shows plaque in the brain — a unique sign of Alzheimer’s brain pathology.
- More testing means more medical costs.
- More testing will likely reveal higher incidences of the disease.
- More testing will also lead to false positives as well, scaring those who need not be worried.
- It moves researchers closer to the source of the disease and therefore a path for a cure.
- The new diagnostic criteria will have consequences for lawyers, insurance companies and workers’ compensation programs.
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